The Iran war is accelerating plans for Southeast Asia to go nuclear. Experts say it won’t be easy - Fortune
Published April 11, 2026
The Iran War Accelerates Nuclear Ambitions in Southeast Asia
The ongoing conflict in Iran has prompted Southeast Asian nations to reconsider their energy strategies, particularly in the context of nuclear power. As tensions escalate in the region, experts suggest that the desire for energy security and independence is driving countries to explore nuclear energy as a viable option. However, the transition to nuclear power is fraught with challenges that could complicate the process.
Growing Interest in Nuclear Energy
In recent years, several Southeast Asian countries have expressed interest in developing nuclear power capabilities. This interest has been heightened by the geopolitical instability caused by the Iran war, which has raised concerns about energy security across the region. Countries such as Vietnam, Indonesia, and Malaysia are now evaluating the potential of nuclear energy to meet their growing electricity demands while reducing reliance on fossil fuels.
Vietnam, in particular, has made significant strides in its nuclear energy plans. The country initially aimed to have its first nuclear power plant operational by 2020. However, the project faced delays due to financial constraints and safety concerns, leading to a temporary suspension of its nuclear program in 2016. Despite these setbacks, experts believe that Vietnam may revisit its nuclear ambitions in light of the current geopolitical climate.
Challenges Ahead
While the interest in nuclear energy is evident, experts caution that the path to nuclear power is not straightforward. Developing a nuclear program requires substantial investment, advanced technology, and a robust regulatory framework. Southeast Asian countries must also address public concerns regarding safety and environmental impact.
Indonesia, for instance, has been exploring nuclear energy options for over a decade. The government has set a target to generate 20% of its electricity from nuclear sources by 2025. However, the country faces significant hurdles, including a lack of infrastructure, skilled workforce, and public opposition to nuclear projects. The 2011 Fukushima disaster in Japan has heightened fears about nuclear safety, making it essential for Indonesia to build public trust before proceeding with any nuclear initiatives.
International Cooperation and Support
To navigate the complexities of nuclear energy development, Southeast Asian countries may seek international cooperation and support. Collaborations with established nuclear powers could provide access to technology, expertise, and funding necessary for building nuclear facilities. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) plays a crucial role in facilitating such partnerships, offering guidance on safety standards and regulatory frameworks.
Vietnam has already engaged with countries like Russia and Japan for assistance in its nuclear program. Similarly, Indonesia has expressed interest in collaborating with South Korea and the United States to develop its nuclear capabilities. These partnerships could help address some of the challenges associated with nuclear energy development, including safety concerns and technological barriers.
Regulatory Framework and Safety Concerns
Establishing a comprehensive regulatory framework is critical for the successful implementation of nuclear energy in Southeast Asia. Countries must develop stringent safety standards, emergency response plans, and waste management strategies to ensure the safe operation of nuclear facilities. This requires a commitment to transparency and public engagement to build trust among citizens who may be apprehensive about nuclear energy.
Moreover, the region must prioritize the development of a skilled workforce capable of managing nuclear facilities. Training programs and educational initiatives will be essential to prepare engineers, technicians, and regulatory officials for the complexities of nuclear energy operations. Without a well-trained workforce, the risks associated with nuclear power could increase, further complicating the transition to this energy source.
The Role of Renewable Energy
As Southeast Asian countries contemplate nuclear energy, the role of renewable energy sources cannot be overlooked. Many nations in the region are investing heavily in solar, wind, and hydropower to diversify their energy portfolios and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. While nuclear power can provide a stable and reliable energy source, integrating it with renewable energy could enhance energy security and sustainability.
For example, Vietnam has set ambitious targets for renewable energy, aiming to generate 20% of its electricity from renewables by 2030. The government is actively promoting solar and wind projects, which could complement nuclear power in the energy mix. Similarly, Indonesia is exploring the potential of geothermal energy, which could provide a reliable source of electricity alongside nuclear energy.
Conclusion
The Iran war has undoubtedly accelerated discussions around nuclear energy in Southeast Asia, prompting countries to reconsider their energy strategies in light of regional instability. While the potential for nuclear power exists, the path to its realization is fraught with challenges that require careful navigation. International cooperation, robust regulatory frameworks, and public engagement will be essential to ensure the safe and successful development of nuclear energy in the region.
As Southeast Asian nations weigh their options, the integration of nuclear power with renewable energy sources may offer a balanced approach to meeting energy demands while addressing environmental concerns. The journey toward nuclear energy is complex, but with the right strategies and partnerships, Southeast Asia could pave the way for a more secure and sustainable energy future.