A comparison of renewable energy laws - Law.asia
Published February 26, 2026
A Comprehensive Overview of Renewable Energy Legislation Across Asia
As the global shift towards sustainable energy sources accelerates, various nations in Asia are implementing distinct legislative frameworks to promote renewable energy. This article provides a detailed comparison of the renewable energy laws across several Asian countries, highlighting their unique approaches, regulatory mechanisms, and incentives designed to foster the growth of renewable energy sectors.
China: Leading the Charge with Ambitious Targets
China has emerged as a global leader in renewable energy, driven by its ambitious targets and comprehensive policies. The country aims to reach a non-fossil fuel share of 20% in its primary energy consumption by 2025. The Renewable Energy Law, first enacted in 2005 and revised in 2009, lays the groundwork for the development of renewable energy sources, including wind, solar, hydro, and biomass.
One of the key features of China's renewable energy legislation is the feed-in tariff (FiT) system, which guarantees fixed payments to energy producers for the electricity generated from renewable sources. This mechanism has been instrumental in attracting investments and accelerating the deployment of renewable technologies. Additionally, China has established a Renewable Energy Development Fund to support research and development, as well as the construction of renewable energy projects.
India: A Growing Market with Strong Policy Support
India is also making significant strides in renewable energy, with a target of achieving 450 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030. The country has implemented various policies to support this goal, including the National Solar Mission and the Wind Energy Mission. The Electricity Act of 2003 and the National Policy on Renewable Energy provide the legal framework for the promotion and integration of renewable energy into the national grid.
In India, the renewable energy sector benefits from a mix of incentives, including capital subsidies, tax benefits, and a robust FiT system. The government has also introduced competitive bidding processes to drive down costs and enhance transparency in the allocation of renewable energy projects. Furthermore, the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) has simplified the tax structure for renewable energy projects, making it easier for investors to navigate the regulatory landscape.
Japan: Post-Fukushima Reforms and a Focus on Solar Energy
Following the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011, Japan has significantly shifted its energy policy, placing a greater emphasis on renewable energy sources. The Feed-in Tariff Scheme, implemented in 2012, has been pivotal in promoting solar energy development. Under this scheme, the government guarantees fixed payments for electricity generated from renewable sources for a specified period.
Japan's renewable energy legislation is characterized by its focus on solar power, which has seen a rapid increase in capacity since the introduction of the FiT scheme. The Renewable Energy Special Measures Law serves as the primary legal framework for the promotion of renewable energy in Japan. In addition, the government has set ambitious targets, aiming for renewable energy to account for 24% of the country's energy mix by 2030.
South Korea: Transitioning Towards a Green Economy
South Korea is actively transitioning towards a green economy, with a strong emphasis on renewable energy. The government has set a target to generate 20% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2030. The Renewable Energy Act, enacted in 2011, provides the legal framework for the development and promotion of renewable energy technologies.
In South Korea, the government has implemented a Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) that mandates electricity suppliers to obtain a certain percentage of their power from renewable sources. This policy has been effective in driving investment and increasing the share of renewables in the energy mix. Additionally, the government offers various incentives, including financial support for research and development, to foster innovation in the renewable energy sector.
Vietnam: Rapid Growth Driven by Policy Support
Vietnam is experiencing rapid growth in its renewable energy sector, driven by supportive policies and a growing demand for electricity. The government has set a target to achieve 21% of its electricity generation from renewable sources by 2030. The Renewable Energy Development Strategy, approved in 2015, outlines the country's commitment to promoting solar, wind, and biomass energy.
The Feed-in Tariff mechanism has been a key driver for solar and wind energy projects in Vietnam, providing long-term contracts and guaranteed prices for electricity generated from renewable sources. Additionally, the government is actively seeking foreign investment to support the development of renewable energy infrastructure and technologies.
Thailand: A Leader in Southeast Asia's Renewable Energy Landscape
Thailand has positioned itself as a leader in Southeast Asia's renewable energy landscape, with a target of generating 30% of its energy from renewable sources by 2036. The Power Development Plan outlines the country's commitment to increasing the share of renewables in its energy mix, with a focus on solar, wind, and biomass energy.
The government has implemented a variety of incentives, including the Feed-in Tariff and the Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) system, to attract investments in renewable energy projects. Thailand's Energy Regulatory Commission plays a crucial role in overseeing the implementation of renewable energy policies and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards.
Malaysia: Strengthening the Regulatory Framework
Malaysia is in the process of strengthening its regulatory framework to support the growth of renewable energy. The country aims to achieve 20% of its electricity generation from renewable sources by 2025. The Renewable Energy Act 2011 provides the legal basis for the promotion of renewable energy, with a focus on solar, biomass, and small hydropower.
The government has introduced a Feed-in Tariff system to encourage investments in renewable energy projects, alongside various incentives such as tax exemptions and grants for research and development. Additionally, Malaysia is actively seeking to enhance its grid infrastructure to accommodate the growing share of renewable energy in its energy mix.
Conclusion: A Diverse Landscape of Renewable Energy Laws
The comparison of renewable energy laws across Asia reveals a diverse landscape of regulatory frameworks and policy approaches. Each country is taking significant steps to promote the adoption of renewable energy, driven by unique challenges and opportunities. As the region continues to embrace renewable technologies, the effectiveness of these laws will play a crucial role in shaping the future of energy in Asia.
No comments:
Post a Comment